Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Powerhouse, Substation, and Relay
Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Powerhouse, Substation, and Relay (SOC 49-2095) earn a median $103,020 a year ($49.53 an hour) in the United States, with 20,720 employed as of May 2025; the highest-paying state is Oregon.
What electrical and electronics repairers, powerhouse, substation, and relay do
These repairers inspect, test, repair and maintain electrical equipment found in generating stations and substations, as well as in-service relays. They inspect and test equipment and circuits with wiring diagrams and testing devices such as ohmmeters, voltmeters or ammeters to identify malfunctions or defects, and consult manuals, schematics, wiring diagrams and engineering personnel to troubleshoot problems and determine optimum equipment functioning. Test data is analyzed to diagnose malfunctions, determine performance characteristics of systems or evaluate the effects of system modifications. Switches are opened and closed to isolate defective relays, which are then adjusted or repaired, and equipment and components such as circuit breakers, brushes and commutators are repaired, replaced and cleaned. They run signal quality and connectivity tests for individual cables and record the results, notify facility personnel of equipment shutdowns, and prepare and maintain records of tests, repairs and maintenance. Corrosion technician and generating station mechanic are among the listed titles.
Typical entry: O*NET respondents most often report a postsecondary certificate, meaning training completed after high school but short of a degree.
Also called: Apparatus Lineman, Corrosion Control Fitter, Corrosion Technician, Electrical and Instrumentation Technician (E and I Technician), Electrical Maintenance Mechanic.
National wage percentiles, May 2025
| Area | Basis | Percentile wage | Mean | Employment | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10th | 25th | Median | 75th | 90th | ||||
| United States | Hourly | $31.60 | $39.35 | $49.53 | $57.15 | $62.46 | $48.44 | 20,720 |
| Annual | $65,730 | $81,860 | $103,020 | $118,870 | $129,920 | $100,760 | ||
Employment per 1,000 jobs and the location quotient are area measures; they appear in the state and metro tables below. To see what a wage in this range leaves after tax, use FastCalc's take-home pay calculator.
Where electrical and electronics repairers, powerhouse, substation, and relay earn and work most
Five highest-paying states
| Area | Basis | Percentile wage | Mean | Employment | Jobs per 1,000 | Location quotient | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10th | 25th | Median | 75th | 90th | ||||||
| Oregon | Hourly | $39.58 | $50.00 | $63.01 | $70.47 | $75.49 | $61.11 | 170 | 0.09 | 0.65 |
| Annual | $82,330 | $104,000 | $131,050 | $146,570 | $157,020 | $127,120 | ||||
| Hawaii | Hourly | $50.38 | $52.00 | $61.22 | $65.54 | $65.54 | $58.97 | 70 | 0.11 | 0.81 |
| Annual | $104,800 | $108,160 | $127,330 | $136,320 | $136,320 | $122,660 | ||||
| Washington | Hourly | $27.69 | $43.31 | $60.39 | $64.96 | $76.00 | $55.14 | 410 | 0.12 | 0.86 |
| Annual | $57,600 | $90,090 | $125,620 | $135,130 | $158,090 | $114,700 | ||||
| Colorado | Hourly | $35.40 | $48.50 | $60.37 | $64.09 | $64.11 | $55.62 | 210 | 0.07 | 0.54 |
| Annual | $73,630 | $100,890 | $125,560 | $133,300 | $133,350 | $115,690 | ||||
| Alaska | Hourly | $28.13 | $31.59 | $60.22 | $79.97 | $80.00 | $55.28 | 80 | 0.24 | 1.81 |
| Annual | $58,510 | $65,720 | $125,260 | $166,350 | $166,400 | $114,970 | ||||
Five states with the most jobs
| Area | Basis | Percentile wage | Mean | Employment | Jobs per 1,000 | Location quotient | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10th | 25th | Median | 75th | 90th | ||||||
| New York | Hourly | $34.58 | $42.49 | $47.27 | $61.22 | $62.49 | $49.25 | 3,160 | 0.33 | 2.45 |
| Annual | $71,930 | $88,370 | $98,310 | $127,340 | $129,980 | $102,440 | ||||
| Texas | Hourly | $30.69 | $38.49 | $49.26 | $55.94 | $62.44 | $47.12 | 2,360 | 0.17 | 1.26 |
| Annual | $63,840 | $80,070 | $102,470 | $116,360 | $129,870 | $98,020 | ||||
| California | Hourly | $36.75 | $49.63 | $58.42 | $70.56 | $79.59 | $58.85 | 1,680 | 0.09 | 0.69 |
| Annual | $76,440 | $103,220 | $121,520 | $146,760 | $165,540 | $122,410 | ||||
| Ohio | Hourly | $28.80 | $35.68 | $47.45 | $52.05 | $56.06 | $43.53 | 1,120 | 0.20 | 1.52 |
| Annual | $59,900 | $74,220 | $98,700 | $108,260 | $116,590 | $90,540 | ||||
| Pennsylvania | Hourly | $30.02 | $38.29 | $48.87 | $52.28 | $56.94 | $45.60 | 1,110 | 0.18 | 1.38 |
| Annual | $62,450 | $79,640 | $101,660 | $108,740 | $118,440 | $94,840 | ||||
Five highest-paying metropolitan areas
| Area | Basis | Percentile wage | Mean | Employment | Jobs per 1,000 | Location quotient | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10th | 25th | Median | 75th | 90th | ||||||
| Fresno, CA | Hourly | $46.87 | $59.95 | $69.97 | $69.97 | $69.97 | $64.03 | 40 | 0.09 | 0.66 |
| Annual | $97,490 | $124,700 | $145,530 | $145,530 | $145,530 | $133,180 | ||||
| San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA | Hourly | $44.63 | $53.32 | $68.07 | $71.23 | $79.10 | $63.57 | 90 | 0.04 | 0.29 |
| Annual | $92,830 | $110,910 | $141,580 | $148,160 | $164,520 | $132,220 | ||||
| Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA | Hourly | $27.70 | $51.77 | $64.96 | $73.81 | $76.86 | $60.31 | 220 | 0.11 | 0.79 |
| Annual | $57,610 | $107,680 | $135,130 | $153,520 | $159,860 | $125,450 | ||||
| Denver-Aurora-Centennial, CO | Hourly | $45.91 | $45.91 | $64.09 | $64.11 | $64.11 | $57.79 | 90 | 0.05 | 0.41 |
| Annual | $95,490 | $95,490 | $133,300 | $133,350 | $133,350 | $120,200 | ||||
| Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA | Hourly | $49.88 | $53.25 | $63.02 | $71.53 | $77.56 | $62.79 | 240 | 0.14 | 1.06 |
| Annual | $103,740 | $110,760 | $131,080 | $148,780 | $161,310 | $130,600 | ||||
Five metropolitan areas with the most jobs
| Area | Basis | Percentile wage | Mean | Employment | Jobs per 1,000 | Location quotient | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10th | 25th | Median | 75th | 90th | ||||||
| New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ | Hourly | $32.28 | $42.49 | $46.23 | $61.48 | $62.49 | $48.57 | 2,870 | 0.30 | 2.27 |
| Annual | $67,140 | $88,370 | $96,170 | $127,870 | $129,980 | $101,030 | ||||
| Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA | Hourly | $21.52 | $47.72 | $57.21 | $69.13 | $75.52 | $55.10 | 540 | 0.09 | 0.64 |
| Annual | $44,760 | $99,250 | $118,990 | $143,790 | $157,080 | $114,610 | ||||
| Houston-Pasadena-The Woodlands, TX | Hourly | $33.90 | $38.66 | $49.97 | $61.28 | $63.52 | $49.96 | 520 | 0.16 | 1.19 |
| Annual | $70,510 | $80,410 | $103,940 | $127,470 | $132,130 | $103,930 | ||||
| Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX | Hourly | $30.90 | $39.31 | $49.27 | $59.06 | $64.93 | $48.08 | 410 | 0.10 | 0.75 |
| Annual | $64,270 | $81,760 | $102,470 | $122,830 | $135,060 | $100,000 | ||||
| Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD | Hourly | $30.71 | $39.67 | $51.21 | $56.33 | $58.49 | $48.43 | 400 | 0.14 | 1.03 |
| Annual | $63,880 | $82,510 | $106,510 | $117,170 | $121,660 | $100,730 | ||||
Top industries employing electrical and electronics repairers, powerhouse, substation, and relay
Electric Power Generation, Transmission and Distribution employ 62.4% of electrical and electronics repairers, powerhouse, substation, and relay nationally (12,920 jobs) at a median $105,940 a year ($50.94 an hour), followed by Local Government, excluding Schools and Hospitals (OEWS Designation) (15.0%) and Utility System Construction (4.7%).
| Industry | Employment | Share of occupation | Median annual | Median hourly |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Electric Power Generation, Transmission and Distribution NAICS 221100 | 12,920 | 62.4% | $105,940 | $50.94 |
| Local Government, excluding Schools and Hospitals (OEWS Designation) NAICS 999300 | 3,100 | 15.0% | $98,110 | $47.17 |
| Utility System Construction NAICS 237100 | 980 | 4.7% | $81,180 | $39.03 |
| Management of Companies and Enterprises NAICS 551100 | 950 | 4.6% | $98,400 | $47.31 |
| Architectural, Engineering, and Related Services NAICS 541300 | 550 | 2.7% | $94,660 | $45.51 |
Share is the industry's employment over the occupation's national employment (20,720). Industries whose employment BLS withheld are not ranked.
Published medians, May 2021 to May 2025
BLS published a median annual wage of $93,420 for electrical and electronics repairers, powerhouse, substation, and relay in May 2021 and $103,020 in May 2025, with employment of 22,490 and 20,720.
| Release | Median annual | Median hourly | Employment |
|---|---|---|---|
| May 2021 | $93,420 | $44.91 | 22,490 |
| May 2022 | $93,720 | $45.06 | 25,440 |
| May 2023 | $96,600 | $46.44 | 24,790 |
| May 2024 | $100,940 | $48.53 | 23,040 |
| May 2025 | $103,020 | $49.53 | 20,720 |
BLS does not design OEWS as a time series: each release pools three years of samples, and occupational classifications, area definitions and estimation methods change between releases, so a difference between two releases is not a measure of change over time. The figures are shown as published, side by side, and nothing is computed from them. See how often OEWS is updated.
Every state, by median wage
48 states and DC publish a row for this occupation. A linked state has its own page with the within-state metro table and comparison; the others appear here only.
| Rank | State | Median hourly | Median annual | 10th pct (annual) | 90th pct (annual) | Employment | Jobs per 1,000 | Location quotient |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Oregon profile | $63.01 | $131,050 | $82,330 | $157,020 | 170 | 0.09 | 0.65 |
| 2 | Hawaii profile | $61.22 | $127,330 | $104,800 | $136,320 | 70 | 0.11 | 0.81 |
| 3 | Washington profile | $60.39 | $125,620 | $57,600 | $158,090 | 410 | 0.12 | 0.86 |
| 4 | Colorado profile | $60.37 | $125,560 | $73,630 | $133,350 | 210 | 0.07 | 0.54 |
| 5 | Alaska profile | $60.22 | $125,260 | $58,510 | $166,400 | 80 | 0.24 | 1.81 |
| 6 | California profile | $58.42 | $121,520 | $76,440 | $165,540 | 1,680 | 0.09 | 0.69 |
| 7 | Massachusetts profile | $57.43 | $119,460 | $86,780 | $127,000 | 430 | 0.12 | 0.90 |
| 8 | Idaho profile | $57.29 | $119,170 | $72,400 | $141,550 | 100 | 0.12 | 0.91 |
| 9 | Maryland profile | $56.61 | $117,760 | $91,860 | $126,740 | ** | ** | ** |
| 10 | Utah profile | $54.93 | $114,250 | $98,950 | $128,540 | 100 | 0.06 | 0.45 |
| 11 | New Jersey profile | $53.65 | $111,600 | $81,940 | $129,920 | 450 | 0.11 | 0.79 |
| 12 | Connecticut profile | $52.70 | $109,610 | $80,750 | $131,250 | 210 | 0.12 | 0.92 |
| 13 | Wisconsin profile | $52.39 | $108,980 | $86,530 | $125,660 | 150 | 0.05 | 0.38 |
| 14 | Rhode Island profile | $51.91 | $107,980 | $83,460 | $127,880 | 30 | 0.06 | 0.46 |
| 15 | Illinois profile | $51.67 | $107,470 | $95,340 | $130,050 | 420 | 0.07 | 0.52 |
| 16 | Georgia profile | $51.41 | $106,930 | $64,130 | $124,440 | 540 | 0.11 | 0.83 |
| 17 | Michigan profile | $51.25 | $106,600 | $58,970 | $126,220 | 450 | 0.10 | 0.77 |
| 18 | Indiana profile | $50.82 | $105,700 | $72,870 | $128,070 | 290 | 0.09 | 0.68 |
| 19 | Vermont profile | $50.79 | $105,640 | $86,170 | $125,840 | 30 | 0.11 | 0.85 |
| 20 | Kansas profile | $50.46 | $104,970 | $81,850 | $121,350 | 280 | 0.19 | 1.44 |
| 21 | Nebraska profile | $50.41 | $104,850 | $78,080 | $137,370 | 60 | 0.06 | 0.46 |
| 22 | North Carolina profile | $50.34 | $104,710 | $65,540 | $117,150 | 950 | 0.19 | 1.45 |
| 23 | Texas profile | $49.26 | $102,470 | $63,840 | $129,870 | 2,360 | 0.17 | 1.26 |
| 24 | South Dakota profile | $48.96 | $101,830 | $79,630 | $128,450 | 40 | 0.09 | 0.68 |
| 25 | Florida profile | $48.93 | $101,780 | $58,750 | $120,840 | 910 | 0.09 | 0.69 |
| 26 | Pennsylvania profile | $48.87 | $101,660 | $62,450 | $118,440 | 1,110 | 0.18 | 1.38 |
| 27 | Arkansas profile | $48.62 | $101,120 | $70,860 | $113,970 | 260 | 0.20 | 1.49 |
| 28 | New Mexico profile | $48.27 | $100,410 | $49,150 | $109,570 | 140 | 0.16 | 1.19 |
| 29 | Minnesota profile | $48.03 | $99,900 | $68,080 | $117,730 | ** | ** | ** |
| 30 | Virginia profile | $47.79 | $99,390 | $63,270 | $118,850 | 910 | 0.22 | 1.66 |
| 31 | Kentucky profile | $47.53 | $98,860 | $78,480 | $110,660 | 130 | 0.07 | 0.50 |
| 32 | Ohio profile | $47.45 | $98,700 | $59,900 | $116,590 | 1,120 | 0.20 | 1.52 |
| 33 | New York profile | $47.27 | $98,310 | $71,930 | $129,980 | 3,160 | 0.33 | 2.45 |
| 34 | Oklahoma profile | $47.02 | $97,800 | $70,570 | $128,950 | 330 | 0.19 | 1.45 |
| 35 | West Virginia profile | $46.92 | $97,600 | $37,300 | $97,600 | 70 | 0.10 | 0.77 |
| 36 | Montana profile | $46.82 | $97,380 | $76,700 | $116,400 | 130 | 0.25 | 1.86 |
| 37 | Missouri profile | $46.56 | $96,850 | $32,800 | $117,160 | 290 | 0.10 | 0.74 |
| 38 | Tennessee profile | $46.56 | $96,840 | $51,310 | $119,080 | 430 | 0.13 | 0.99 |
| 39 | Alabama profile | $45.75 | $95,150 | $78,250 | $119,080 | 280 | 0.13 | 1.01 |
| 40 | Mississippi profile | $45.66 | $94,970 | $66,970 | $116,220 | 160 | 0.13 | 1.00 |
| 41 | Maine profile | $44.51 | $92,570 | $80,880 | $102,720 | 160 | 0.24 | 1.83 |
| 42 | South Carolina profile | $43.82 | $91,140 | $61,410 | $101,550 | 230 | 0.10 | 0.75 |
| 43 | Iowa profile | $41.58 | $86,490 | $58,540 | $112,850 | 120 | 0.07 | 0.56 |
| 44 | New Hampshire profile | $38.95 | $81,020 | $58,470 | $117,620 | 50 | 0.08 | 0.60 |
| 45 | Louisiana profile | $38.76 | $80,610 | $60,310 | $118,270 | 370 | 0.19 | 1.42 |
| 46 | Arizona profile | $38.06 | $79,160 | $56,300 | $118,260 | 160 | 0.05 | 0.37 |
| 47 | North Dakota profile | $36.08 | $75,050 | $49,530 | $120,690 | 80 | 0.18 | 1.33 |
| 48 | Nevada profile | $35.75 | $74,360 | $72,440 | $141,620 | ** | ** | ** |
Related occupations
Occupations in the same SOC broad group (49-2090), with their national median annual wage.
Part of Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations. Compare any area in the wage explorer.
Source and notes
Data: BLS OEWS May 2025, released 2026-05-15. Cross-industry estimates, all ownerships. BLS page: OEWS 49-2095 Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Powerhouse, Substation, and Relay.
**- Employment estimate not available.
- Annual wages assume 2,080 hours a year at the hourly rate; occupations BLS publishes on one basis only show an en dash (–) on the other.
- Employment is rounded to the nearest 10 by BLS. Where BLS withholds a cell, nothing is estimated in its place.
- Top industries: nat4d_M2025_dl.xlsx in oesm25in4.zip (BLS OEWS May 2025, national, 4-digit NAICS, cross-ownership). Employment is the industry's rounded total for this occupation; industries whose employment BLS withheld (**) are not ranked.
- Published medians: national_M2021_dl.xlsx to national_M2024_dl.xlsx in oesm21nat.zip to oesm24nat.zip (BLS OEWS May 2021 to May 2024, national, cross-industry, all ownerships) and the May 2025 spine. Each release is shown as published; nothing is computed between them.
Sources
- BLS Standard Occupational Classification 2018, definition of 49-2095, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (public domain).
- O*NET 30.1 Database, 49-2095.00, National Center for O*NET Development, USDOL/ETA (CC BY 4.0).
- OEWS May 2025 national industry-specific estimates, 4-digit NAICS (oesm25in4.zip), US Bureau of Labor Statistics (public domain).
- OEWS May 2021 national estimates (oesm21nat.zip), US Bureau of Labor Statistics (public domain).
- OEWS May 2022 national estimates (oesm22nat.zip), US Bureau of Labor Statistics (public domain).
- OEWS May 2023 national estimates (oesm23nat.zip), US Bureau of Labor Statistics (public domain).
- OEWS May 2024 national estimates (oesm24nat.zip), US Bureau of Labor Statistics (public domain).
- OEWS May 2025 national estimates (oesm25nat.zip), the site's data spine, US Bureau of Labor Statistics (public domain).
Includes information from O*NET 30.1 Database by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration, used under the CC BY 4.0 license.
Description written 2026-10-17 in our own words from the sources above.